Numismatic catalogs have for decades represented one of the fundamental tools of numismatic collectors, dealers, and auctioneers. In addition to providing a systematic overview of issues, types, varieties, and technical characteristics of coins or banknotes, almost every catalog also contains estimated market values, i.e., „catalog prices.“ It is precisely these prices that often cause the most
The 10-dinar banknote dated September 22, 1939, issued by the National Bank of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, belongs to the group of the most interesting and intriguing issues of Yugoslav (pre)war currency. Although it was formally prepared for regular circulation, its actual destiny is inextricably linked to the dramatic events of April 1941, which gives it a special place
10 dinars banknote of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia dated September 22, 1939. Read more »
Careful observation of two Russian banknotes from the revolutionary period, in denominations of 250 and 1,000 rubles (Pick nos. 36 and 37), reveals the motif of a swastika on their fronts and backs in the background. It is important to emphasize that these banknotes were issued in 1917, thus some twenty years
The history of the exchange rate of the Yugoslav dinar from the end of the Second World War to 1990 reflects profound changes in monetary policy, the economic system, and the country's international position. In a numismatic sense, understanding the exchange rate relations is crucial for the proper interpretation of the timing of the issuance of certain nominal values of banknotes and coins, especially
The 500 dinar banknote of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1935 represents one of the most artistically successful and iconographically complete issues of interwar Yugoslav notaphily. The entire composition is executed in a subtle palette of green, olive, and brown tones, with discreet pink transitions in the background, giving it a refined, almost painterly
500 dinar banknote of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1935. Read more »
Here we broadcast a recorded lecture in which Assoc. Prof. Tomislav Portada, PhD, talks about the chemistry of money. Although the appearance of coins and banknotes, their issues, circulations, and preservation are often discussed, here we look at money from a different angle – a chemical perspective. In the lecture you will find out: The lecture combines
Banknotes often depict motifs of special importance to the issuing country. Prominent historical figures, recognizable locations, objects of cultural and artistic importance, flora and fauna, architectural and artistic works, as well as monuments, appear on them. When we talk about monuments, we also mean public sculptures.
In numismatics, there are numerous records, and one of them is a banknote recorded in the „Guinness Book of Records“, which is the banknote with the highest denomination ever issued – 100 quintillion pengő (10²⁰). This exceptional, almost surreal denomination of the banknote was issued in 1946 in Hungary.
Banknotes of the Croatian kuna were introduced into circulation on May 30, 1994, simultaneously with kuna and lipa coins, thereby completing the process of establishing the new monetary system of the Republic of Croatia. In the first issue, banknotes were released in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000
Replacement banknotes represent a special and often insufficiently known segment of notaphily, which interestingly connects the technical process of money printing with collecting practice. Although at first glance they do not differ from regular specimens, their role in the monetary system and the way they are marked make them particularly interesting to researchers
Literacy is one of the fundamental elements of every nation's identity, and in the Croatian case, it historically developed through three scripts: Glagolitic, Cyrillic, and Latin. A particularity of Croatian cultural history is the fact that all three scripts also developed their own national variants: the Croatian (angular) Glagolitic script and the Croatian Cyrillic script (arvatica).
Mona Lisa, the masterpiece of the Italian Renaissance painted by Leonardo da Vinci at the beginning of the 16th century, is undoubtedly the most famous portrait in the history of art today. The mysterious smile, reserved gaze, and almost hypnotic presence have made this painting a global symbol of high culture and artistic perfection. Although it is considered
Many numismatists, or coin and currency collectors, have a special fondness for large-format banknotes. The reasons for this are not only collectible, but also psychological, aesthetic, and historical. Large banknotes leave a strong impression at first glance and hold a special place in any collection. This article breaks down
Money in leper colonies was a special type of currency (tokens, vouchers, or special coins and banknotes) that circulated exclusively within leprosariums, or sanatoriums for leprosy patients. The reason for its introduction was the fear that ordinary money could transmit the infection and
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